In this part of the dialogue, M. Troilo and M. Pulidoro criticise the abuse of contemporary art in the mild representation of the Passion (wounds) in favour of artistic ambition. Using the example of the fresco “Flagellation of Christ” by Sebastiano del Piombo in San Pietro in Montorio (1516-1524), they criticise the beauty of Christ’s body in the Passion scenes. These do not correspond with the Scriptures in which the torment and torture of Christ are made clear. A brutal display of the Passion wounds would be brilliant and in harmony with the decorum. The artist’s ambition to prove his skill is wrong and prevents the viewer from fully understanding and experiencing the story depicted.(Gilio 2018, 135, fig. 12)
“M. Troilo added: ‘I have identified another abuse with respect to the person of our Savior, which it would seem no one knows how to correct, and it is this: (painters) do not know, or do not wish to know, how to express his disfigurement at the time of the Passion, when he was beaten, when Pilate showed him to the people saying «Ecce Homo», when in such pain he remained nailed to the Cross, so that Isaiah said of him that he no longer had the form of a man. It would move people to repentance much more if he were seen bloody and deformed, rather than beautiful and delicate’.
M. Pulidoro said: ‘I think that they do it in order to display the power of the art of painting, for that has always been what those practicing it have wanted to do. For they can then represent all the muscles and all the limbs of (Christ’s) beautifully constructed body, for no finer has I think ever been seen. It is for this reason that Fra Sebastiano’s flogged Christ in San Pietro in Montorio has been so much praised’.
M. Troilo replied: ‘A painter would show the power of art much better if he represented Christ afflicted, bloody, covered with spittle, flayed, wounded, deformed, livid, and ugly, to such an extent that he did not have the appearance of a man. This would be brilliance, this would be the power and potency of the art, this would be decorum and the perfection of the artist. Because what transpires from Fra Sebastiano’s flogged figure is that the scourgings and beatings were done as a joke, with whips made of some soft material, and not with thick knotted ropes or even worse things. And from such frivolous representation no one will ever learn to understand the harshness of the suffering, the taunts, the distress, the wounds, and other great miseries. The painter who knows how to differentiate between mysteries and between times represent both kinds of effect’.”
“Soggionse M. Troilo: ‘Un altro abuso anco io trovo circa la persona del nostro Salvatore, il quale non par che ammendare si sappia: et è questo, che non sanno o non vogliono sapere isprimere le defformità che in lui erano al tempo de la passione, quando fu flagellato, quando fu da Pilato mostrato al popolo, dicendo «Ecco l’uomo», quando con tanta angustia stava fitto in croce, dicendo Isaia che in lui non ea più forma d’uomo. Molto più a compunzione moverebbe il vederlo sanguinolento e difformato, che non fa il vederlo bello e delicato’.
Disse M. Pulidoro: ‘Penso che ciò faccino per mostrare la forza de l’arte, il che sempre è stato l’intento de l’artefice; per poter bene isprimere tutti i muscoli e tutte le membra di quel ben composto corpo, del quale penso che non fusse mai trovato il più bello. Per questo è tanto lodato il Battuto di frate Bastiano in San Pietro Montorio’.
Replicò M. Troilo: ‘Molto più mostrerebbe il pittore la forza de l’arte in farlo afflitto, sanguinoso, pieno di sputi, depelato, piagato, difformato, livido e brutto, di maniera che non avesse forma d’uomo. Questo sarebbe l’ingegno, questa la forza e la virtù de l’arte, questo il decoro, questa la perfezzion de l’artefice; conciossia che ‘l Battuto di frate Bastiano mostra che i flagelli e le battiture fussero fatte con le sferze di bambagio e per ischerzo, e non con grosse et annodate funi, o con altra cosa peggiore. E con queste dimostrazioni leggieri nissuno imparerà mai a sapere qual fusse l’acerbità del dolore, i scherni, l’afflizzioni, le pene e l’altre miserie grandi. Perché chi sa distinguere i misteri et i tempi può mostrare l’uno effetto e l’altro’.”
Gilio 2018, 133-134, n. 145-149