The extent of the poetic license
Year mention: 1564
Subject:
poetic license ; poetic painting ; regole ; rules
Conflict:
Capriccio
Contemporary vs. ancient artist
Decorum
Judging art
License
Criticism:

The extent of the poetic license

Agent:
Gilio, Giovanni Andrea
Frontispiece of: Gilio, Giovanni Andrea, Due dialogi (1564), Camerino : Antonio Giojoso
Frontispiece of: Gilio, Giovanni Andrea, Due dialogi (1564), Camerino : Antonio Giojoso
© ÖNB ABO Projekt/in Kooperation mit Google, Sig. 74.E.84 ALT PRUNK

After the participants had already limited the poetic licence, now follows the final definition of the licence (at least for poetic painting). The poetic licence thus includes all accompanying compositional elements in the scenery, such as landscapes or details. Furthermore, the poetic licence could be extended to the depiction of children’s games. Again, an ancient artist is mentioned as a model and reference, but M. Vincenzo also cites Flemish painting as a successful contemporary example.

“M. Vincenzo replied: ‘[…] At present this is accepted with the excuse that we have inherited from the ancients is law. So the artist has to make every effort to imitate them, because in imitating those who are masters of this art we will say that he cannot err. There is no lack of opportunity for exercising freedom of the brush amon poetical and fictional subjects, as we said earlier about landscapes, of which Ludius, a painter at the time of Augustus, was the inventor. […] He also painted towns, palaces, villas, and the amenities of the countryside, as the Flemings so attractively do now. It is here that the painters’ license is to be found, when he wants to paint day, night, a clear sky or one filles with clouds, the sun or moon, stars, the sea, rivers, lakes, springs, people fishing or swimming in the water, or doing one thing or another. […] This Poetic license can even be extended to childrens’ games, as can be beautifully seen in the tapestries woven with gold in pope’s public audience chamber, in the palace of Pope Juliu’s vigna, and in Palazzo Chigi in Trastevere. Clever minds will not be short of beautiful and elegant fictions; what matters is knowing how to use them well. […] Those who do this will complete the task, and their works will be appropriately decorous. […] And, in the same way that the poet must respect the rules [regole] of poetry, so must the painter respect those of painting’.”

“Rispose M. Vincenso:‘ […] E questo passi per ora con pretesto che le cose ch’abbiamo dagli antichi ne sia legge. Però l’artefice sforzar si doverebbe d’imitarli, perché, imitando loro che sono maestri di quest‘arte, diremo che non possa errare. Non manca in che possa aver la libertà sua il pennello ne le cose poetiche e finte, come abbiamo detto di sopra dei paesi, dei quali Ludio pittore, che fu al tempo d’Augusto, ne fu inventore. […] Primamente egli dipinse il mare con le navi; ne le ville, chi arava la terra, chi caminava, chi sedeva, chi stava, chi dormiva. Dipinse ancora le città, i palazzi, le ville, l‘amenità de‘ paesi; il che vagamente ora fanno i Fiammenghi. In queste cose sarà la licenza del pittore: se vorrà anco dipingere il giorno, la notte, il cielo sereno o pieno di nuoli, il sole, la luna, le stelle, il mare, i fiumi, i laghi, i fonti, chi peschi, chi nuoti ne l‘acqua, chi faccia una cosa e chi un’altra. Apelle fu il primo che dipinse le pioggie, le tempeste, I folgori, i tuoni, le grandini e le nevi. […] Si può questa licenza poetica stendere ancora ne’giuochi de’fanciulli, il che vagamente si vede ne’ pannetti d‘oro de la sala de la publica audienza del Papa, e nel palazzo de la vigna di Papa Giulio, e nel palazzo del Ghisi in Trastevere. Non mancano ai belli ingegni belle e garbate finzioni; il fatto sta a saperle bene ordinare. Il precetto de la poesia veramente è amplissimo, ma regolato’.“

Quoted Authorities

Horace, Ars Poetica
Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia
Vitruvius, On Architecture, 2:102-9

Model to follow

Raphael (and workshop), Sala di Constantino, ca. 1517-19, Vatican City, Vatican Palace
Zuccero, Taddeo, Casino, Villa Giulia, ca. 1553 – 1555, Villa Farnesina
Flemish painting
Ludicus
Apelles
Piraceius

Keywords
peotic painting, poetic liberty, poetic licence

Terminology
regole
Artist
Flemish artist (painter)
Raphael
Zuccaro, Taddeo

Date mention
1564

Historical Location
Vatican City

Type of Object
fresco


Iconclass Number
48C35;

Source
Gilio, Dialogue on the errors and abuses of painters (2018), 110-114; Gilio, Dialogo. Nel quale si ragiona degli errori e degli abusi de’pittori circa l’istorie. In: Due dialogi di M. Giouanni Andrea Gilio da Fabriano (1564), 22-23
Literature

Gilio 2018, 110-114, n. 79-85, fig. 8-9;

Permanent Link
https://www.sacrima.eu/case/the-extent-of-the-poetic-license/