On how to depict St. Andrew
Year mention: 1617
Subject:
St. Andrew
Conflict:
Outer appearance
Visual tradition/Artistic model vs. written Tradition/History
Criticism:

St. Andrew would have been black of medium height and with a full beard

Agent:
Molanus, Johannes
Frostispiece of Molanus, De historia sanctarum imaginum et picturarum (1617), Antwerp, Gasparus Bellerus
Frontispiece of Molanus, De historia sanctarum imaginum et picturarum (1617), Antwerp, Gasparus Bellerus
Augsburg, Staats- und Stadtbibliothek — Th H 1475. Digital Reproduction: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, 2015.

Molanus discusses the exterior features of St. Andrew would have been black of medium height and with a full beard.

“Four hundred years ago, John Beleth wrote about St. Andrew: ‘It is interesting to know that Andrew was black, with a full beard and medium height. We say this so that one knows how he should be portrayed in the Church.’ The deacon John writes in the Life of Gregory that a cleric recognised St. Andrew from his resemblance to the paintings when the latter appeared to him and said: ‘Get up! And go and tell the Count to leave my monastery safely, before he provokes my anger, for it is absolutely forbidden to take him for an inn.'”

“De S. Andrea scripsit ante annos 400. Ioannes Belethus. ‘Cognoscere operae precium est Andream fuisse colore nigro, barva prolixa ac statura mediocri. Hoc ideo a nobis dictum sit, ut sciatur quails in Eclessia pingi debeat.’ Ioannes autem Diaconus in vita Gregorii, scribit ‘eum agnitum esse ex picture similitudine a clerico cui apparens dicebat, surge et dic Comiti, ut ab hoc meo monasterio, in quo diversorium fieri omnino non licet, antequam me ad iracundiam provocet, salvus recedat.'”

Model to follow

Jean Beleth, Rationalis, ch. 164. John the Deacon, Life of Gregory, book 4, ch. 96.

Date mention
1617

Historical Location
Leuven

Iconclass Number
11H(Andrew)

Source
Molanus, De historia sanctarum imaginum et picturarum (1617), book 2, ch. 56, 193
Literature

Molanus 1996, 288.

Permanent Link
https://www.sacrima.eu/case/on-how-to-depict-st-andrew/